Configuration management is a detailed recording and updating information for hardware and software components. Components does not only mean source code but it can be tracking of changes for software documents like requirment, design, test cases etc.
When changes are done in ADHOC and uncontrolled manner more chaotic situations arise and more defects are injected. So whenever changes are done, it should be done in a controlled fashion and with proper versioning. At any moment of time, we should be able to revert back to the old version. The main intention of Configuration management is that we can track our changes back if we have issues with the current system. Configuration management is done by using baselines.
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